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Governance & Society Cluster23 Verified Questions
Lokpal, Lokayukta & Anti-Corruption Legal Framework in India GK Questions & Answers
The institutional framework for combating administrative malfeasance and political corruption in India received statutory reinforcement through the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, which commenced on January 16, 2014. Rooted in the Scandinavian ombudsman concept and first recommended by the Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) chaired by Morarji Desai in 1966, the Act mandates the establishment of an apex ombudsman body (Lokpal) at the Union level and Lokayuktas across all States. The Lokpal comprises a Chairperson—who is or has been a Chief Justice of India, a Supreme Court Judge, or an eminent jurist—and up to eight members, half of whom must be judicial members.
The selection committee for Lokpal appointments includes the Prime Minister, the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha, the Chief Justice of India (or a nominee), and an eminent jurist. The Lokpal exercises jurisdiction over the Prime Minister (with specific national security exemptions), Union Ministers, Members of Parliament, and Groups A, B, C, and D public servants under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. It possesses supervisory powers over the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) and Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) during referred corruption inquiries.
High-yield conceptual summaries for competitive exams and rapid revision.
Enacted through the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, establishing statutory ombudsman institutions at Union and State levels.
First recommended by the First Administrative Reforms Commission (1966) chaired by Morarji Desai.
Lokpal bench consists of a Chairperson and up to 8 members (50% judicial members, with 50% SC/ST/OBC/Minorities/Women reservation).
Jurisdiction extends over the Prime Minister (with specific subject-matter safeguards), Union Ministers, MPs, and public servants.
Empowered to superintend the CBI and CVC during investigations referred by the Lokpal under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
Showing 23 Curated Questions23 Total in Bank
1ID: GK-CURR-00514
hardAppointments Resignations
Who was appointed as the 2nd Chairperson of the Lokpal of India in February 2024, succeeding acting chairperson Justice Pradip Kumar Mohanty?
Verified Explanation
Former Supreme Court judge Justice A. M. Khanwilkar was appointed Chairperson of the anti-corruption ombudsman Lokpal by President Droupadi Murmu.
2ID: GK-INST-00040
mediumNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Who was appointed as the first Chairperson of the Lokpal of India in March 2019 under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013?
Verified Explanation
Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose, a former Judge of the Supreme Court of India, was sworn in as the first anti-corruption ombudsman (Lokpal of India) on 23 March 2019.
3ID: GK-INST-00062
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, what is the statutory maximum composition of the Lokpal body (including the Chairperson)?
Verified Explanation
Under Section 3(2) of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, the Lokpal consists of a Chairperson and up to eight Members, out of whom 50% must be Judicial Members, and not less than 50% from SC/ST/OBC/Minorities/Women.
4ID: GK-INST-00121
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under Section 4 of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, which dignitary is NOT a member of the statutory Selection Committee for recommending the appointment of the Lokpal?
Verified Explanation
Under Section 4(1) of the Lokpal Act, 2013, the Selection Committee comprises: 1. PM (Chairperson), 2. Speaker of Lok Sabha, 3. Leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha, 4. Chief Justice of India (or nominee SC Judge), and 5. An eminent jurist nominated by the President. The CVC is not a member.
5ID: GK-INST-00168
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under Section 14 of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, what special safeguard applies before the Lokpal can initiate an inquiry into an allegation of corruption against the Prime Minister?
Verified Explanation
Under Section 14(1)(a) of the Lokpal Act, the Lokpal can inquire into allegations against the Prime Minister only if a full bench considers the initiation and at least two-thirds of its members approve it during an in-camera proceeding (excluding matters of foreign relations, atomic energy, and space).
6ID: GK-INST-00169
hardNITI Aayog, Planning History & Inter-State Council
Which First Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC I) report submitted in 1966 recommended setting up the institutions of Lokpal and Lokayukta in India on the pattern of the Scandinavian Ombudsman?
Verified Explanation
In 1966, the First Administrative Reforms Commission chaired by Morarji Desai submitted its 'Interim Report on Problems of Redress of Citizens' Grievances', recommending a two-tier machinery: Lokpal at the Centre and Lokayukta in States.
7ID: GK-INST-00254
easyNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Which statutory apex anti-corruption ombudsman institution was established in India under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 to inquire into allegations of corruption against public functionaries?
Verified Explanation
The Lokpal of India is the statutory anti-corruption body established under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, with jurisdiction to inquire into corruption allegations against Central government ministers, MPs, and officers.
8ID: GK-INST-00291
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under Section 3(2) of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, what is the maximum statutory composition of the Lokpal of India, including the Chairperson?
Verified Explanation
Section 3(2) of the Lokpal Act mandates that the Lokpal shall consist of a Chairperson and not more than eight members, of whom 50% must be Judicial Members, and not less than 50% must be from SC, ST, OBC, Minorities, and Women.
9ID: GK-INST-00347
easyNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Who was appointed as the first Lokpal of India (anti-corruption ombudsman) in March 2019 under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013?
Verified Explanation
Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose, former Judge of the Supreme Court, was sworn in by the President as India's first Lokpal on 23 March 2019.
10ID: GK-INST-00417
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, what is the maximum total number of members that can constitute the Lokpal institution (excluding the Chairperson)?
Verified Explanation
Section 3(2) of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 provides that the Lokpal shall consist of a Chairperson and a maximum of eight members, of whom fifty percent shall be Judicial Members and not less than fifty percent shall be from SC, ST, OBC, Minorities, and Women.
11ID: GK-INST-00418
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
How many members constitute the Selection Committee that recommends appointments to the Lokpal under Section 4(1) of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013?
Verified Explanation
Section 4(1) of the Lokpal Act, 2013 specifies a 5-member Selection Committee: Prime Minister (Chairperson), Speaker of Lok Sabha, Leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha, Chief Justice of India or a nominated Supreme Court Judge, and an eminent jurist nominated by the President.
12ID: GK-INST-00468
easyNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Who served as the very first Chairperson of the Lokpal of India upon its constitution in March 2019 under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013?
Verified Explanation
Former Supreme Court Judge Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose was appointed as the first Chairperson of the Lokpal of India in March 2019.
13ID: GK-INST-00480
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, what special threshold and procedure is required for the Lokpal to inquire into an allegation of corruption against the Prime Minister?
Verified Explanation
Section 14 of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 provides that allegations against the PM relating to international relations, external/internal security, public order, atomic energy, and space are excluded; for other matters, a full bench must consider it and at least two-thirds of members must approve the inquiry, which must be held in camera.
14ID: GK-INST-00528
easyNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Who was appointed as the very first Chairperson of the Lokpal of India in March 2019?
Verified Explanation
Former Supreme Court judge Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose took oath as the first Chairperson of the Lokpal of India on March 23, 2019, following appointment under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013.
15ID: GK-INST-00540
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under Section 3(4) of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, what minimum proportion of the members of Lokpal must belong to SC, ST, OBC, Minorities, and Women?
Verified Explanation
Section 3(4) of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 mandates that not less than 50% of the members of the Lokpal (total maximum 8 members) shall be from amongst persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes, Minorities, and Women.
16ID: GK-INST-00600
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under Section 4(1) of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, which 5 members constitute the statutory Selection Committee for recommending the Chairperson and Members of the Lokpal?
Verified Explanation
Under Section 4(1) of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, the Selection Committee consists of: (a) Prime Minister (Chairperson), (b) Speaker of the Lok Sabha, (c) Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha, (d) Chief Justice of India or a Supreme Court Judge nominated by him, and (e) an eminent jurist nominated by the President on recommendations of the first four members.
17ID: GK-INST-00601
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Who was appointed as the very first Chairperson of the Lokpal of India, taking the oath of office in March 2019?
Verified Explanation
Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose (former Judge of the Supreme Court of India and former member of the NHRC) was appointed as India's first Lokpal Chairperson on March 19, 2019 and administered the oath by the President of India on March 23, 2019.
18ID: GK-CURR-00791
hardAppointments, Resignations & Dignitaries
In February 2024, who was appointed by President Droupadi Murmu as the Chairperson of the Lokpal (Anti-Corruption Ombudsman of India)?
Verified Explanation
Former Supreme Court judge Justice Ajay Manikrao Khanwilkar was appointed as Chairperson of the Lokpal on 27 February 2024. He was selected by the high-level panel chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, becoming the second regular Chairperson of Lokpal after Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose.
19ID: GK-POL-00846
hardConstitutional & Statutory Bodies of India
Under Section 4(1) of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, which of the following officials is NOT a member of the Selection Committee that recommends appointments to the Lokpal?
Verified Explanation
Under Section 4(1) of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, the Selection Committee consists of: (a) Prime Minister (Chairperson), (b) Speaker of the Lok Sabha, (c) Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha, (d) Chief Justice of India or a nominated Supreme Court Judge, and (e) an Eminent Jurist nominated by the President based on recommendations of the first four members. The Cabinet Secretary is not a member.
20ID: GK-POL-00948
hardConstitutional & Statutory Bodies of India
Under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, who presides as the Chairperson of the high-level Selection Committee for selecting the Lokpal?
Verified Explanation
Section 4 of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 prescribes that the Selection Committee consists of the Prime Minister (Chairperson), Speaker of Lok Sabha, Leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha, Chief Justice of India (or a nominated SC Judge), and an eminent jurist nominated by the President.
21ID: GK-POL-01045
mediumConstitutional & Statutory Bodies of India
Under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, on which matters is the Lokpal barred from inquiring into allegations of corruption against the Prime Minister?
Verified Explanation
Under Section 14 of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013, the Lokpal possesses jurisdiction over the Prime Minister, except regarding allegations relating to international relations, external/internal security, public order, atomic energy, and space. Any inquiry against the PM requires a two-thirds majority of the full bench in-camera.
22ID: GK-CURR-00569
mediumAppointments Resignations
Who served as the Chairperson of the 22nd Law Commission of India, constituted to examine legal reforms including Uniform Civil Code and simultaneous elections (One Nation One Election)?
Verified Explanation
Former Karnataka High Court Chief Justice Ritu Raj Awasthi was appointed Chairperson of the 22nd Law Commission in November 2022 before later being appointed Judicial Member of Lokpal.
23ID: GK-POL-00143
hardConstitutional Bodies
The "Administrative Reforms Commission" (1966) chaired by Morarji Desai recommended the creation of which anti-corruption institutional apparatus in India?
Verified Explanation
The First ARC recommended the establishment of an ombudsman system (Lokpal and Lokayukta) patterned after Scandinavian institutions.