The 19th and early 20th centuries witnessed extensive socio-religious reform movements in British India aimed at eliminating obsolete socio-cultural practices, promoting rationalism, and reforming education and caste inequities. Raja Ram Mohan Roy, regarded as the pioneer of the modern Indian renaissance, founded the Atmiya Sabha (1815) and the Brahmo Samaj (1828), vigorously campaigning against Sati, which culminated in the Bengal Sati Regulation of 1829 (Regulation XVII) under Governor-General Lord William Bentinck. Debendranath Tagore and Keshab Chandra Sen later expanded Brahmo activities. In Bengal, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar spearheaded the campaign for widow remarriage, leading to the enactment of the Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act of 1856 (Act XV) under Lord Canning. In western India, Jyotirao Phule established the Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873 to eradicate caste oppression and promote female education, authoring Gulamgiri. In 1875, Swami Dayananda Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in Bombay, advocating the slogan 'Go Back to the Vedas', opposing idol worship, and authoring Satyarth Prakash. Swami Vivekananda established the Ramakrishna Mission in 1897 at Belur Math to integrate Vedanta philosophy with practical humanitarian service following his historic 1893 address at the Chicago Parliament of Religions. In southern India, Sri Narayana Guru led the anti-caste Aravippuram movement (1888) with the motto 'One Caste, One Religion, One God for Man'.
High-yield conceptual summaries for competitive exams and rapid revision.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj (1828) and secured the statutory prohibition of Sati through the Bengal Sati Regulation of 1829.
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar's extensive petitions achieved the passage of the Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act of 1856 (Act XV).
Swami Dayananda Saraswati established the Arya Samaj in 1875, rejected caste rigidity and idolatry, and authored the reform treatise Satyarth Prakash.
Jyotirao Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj (1873) in Maharashtra to advance anti-caste egalitarianism and pioneered women's education.
Swami Vivekananda created the Ramakrishna Mission (1897) at Belur Math, articulating practical Neo-Vedanta after his 1893 Chicago Parliament address.
Showing 25 Curated Questions34 Total in Bank
1ID: GK-PUBS-00408
easyHicky's Bengal Gazette, The Hindu & Historic Presses
Which weekly Bengali newspaper was founded in 1821 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy to advocate social reforms, including the abolition of Sati?
Verified Explanation
Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded 'Samvad Kaumudi' (Moon of Intelligence) in Calcutta in December 1821, using it as an effective campaign vehicle for the eradication of Sati and promoting modern education.
Which journal, established in Calcutta in April 1822 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, holds the distinction of being India's first Persian-language weekly newspaper?
Verified Explanation
'Mirat-ul-Akhbar' (Mirror of News) was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in April 1822 in Persian, published weekly until Roy shut it down in 1823 to protest John Adam's restrictive Press Licensing Regulations.
Which landmark Persian-language weekly journal was founded in Calcutta in April 1822 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy?
Verified Explanation
'Mirat-ul-Akhbar' (Mirror of News) was founded in Calcutta in April 1822 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy as the first Persian journal published in India, dedicated to social reform and enlightened discourse.
4ID: GK-MDIA-00025
hardHistory of Indian Press & Nationalist Journalism
In 1823, who served as the Acting Governor-General of India and issued the repressive Licensing Regulations that forced the closure of Raja Ram Mohan Roy's 'Mirat-ul-Akbar'?
Verified Explanation
John Adam, who officiated as Governor-General in 1823 after the departure of Lord Hastings, promulgated the Licensing Regulations of 1823 (Adam Regulations). These regulations made operating a printing press without a government license a penal offense, leading Raja Ram Mohan Roy to stop publication of his Persian weekly 'Mirat-ul-Akbar' in protest.
5ID: GK-MDIA-00551
easyHistory of the Indian Press in Freedom Struggle
Which weekly Persian-language newspaper was launched in Kolkata by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in April 1822 to promote socio-religious reform and rational discourse?
Verified Explanation
Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded 'Mirat-ul-Akhbar' (Mirror of News) in April 1822 in Kolkata. It was the first Persian-language weekly newspaper in India, dedicated to social reform, political analysis, and rationalist thought.
6ID: GK-PUBS-00118
hardHicky's Bengal Gazette, The Hindu & Historic Presses
'Bangaduta' (The Bengal Herald), a pioneering quadrilingual weekly newspaper published simultaneously in Bengali, Hindi, Persian, and English from Calcutta in 1829, was launched under the patronage of Raja Ram Mohan Roy and which prominent entrepreneur?
Verified Explanation
Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Prince Dwarkanath Tagore launched 'Bangaduta' in 1829 as a four-language weekly to promote progressive socio-economic reforms and liberal education.
Which Bengali weekly newspaper, founded in 1821 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, actively campaigned against the practice of Sati and advocated western scientific education?
Verified Explanation
'Sambad Kaumudi' (Moon of Intelligence) was a pioneering Bengali weekly launched by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Bhavani Charan Bandyopadhyay in 1821 that fought against Sati and social orthodoxy.
Which Persian weekly journal established in 1822 was discontinued by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in protest against the stringent Press Licensing Regulations of 1823 enacted by Acting Governor-General John Adam?
Verified Explanation
'Mirat-ul-Akhbar' was the first Persian weekly published in India (1822) by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, who ceased publication in 1823 rather than submit to the repressive licensing regulations of John Adam.
10ID: GK-PUBS-00465
easyHicky's Bengal Gazette, The Hindu & Historic Presses
Which reformist Bengali weekly newspaper was founded in 1821 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy to advocate social reforms, including the abolition of Sati?
Verified Explanation
'Samvad Kaumudi' was launched in December 1821 in Calcutta by Raja Ram Mohan Roy to campaign against religious orthodoxy and social evils like Sati.
'Mirat-ul-Akhbar' ('Mirror of Intelligence'), established in Calcutta in April 1822 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, holds which historic milestone in Indian journalism?
Verified Explanation
Raja Ram Mohan Roy established 'Mirat-ul-Akhbar' on 12 April 1822 in Calcutta, which was the first Persian-language weekly newspaper published in India.
Which weekly Bengali reformist newspaper, founded in Calcutta in December 1821 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, played a pivotal role in campaigning for the abolition of Sati?
Verified Explanation
'Sambad Kaumudi' (Moon of Intelligence) was launched in Calcutta in December 1821 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Bhavani Charan Bandyopadhyay, actively advocating social reforms including the prohibition of Sati.
13ID: GK-MDIA-00495
easyHistory of the Indian Press in Freedom Struggle
Which multilingual weekly newspaper was launched in Calcutta in May 1829, printing parallel columns in Hindi, Bengali, Persian, and English under the patronage of Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Dwarakanath Tagore?
Verified Explanation
'Bangadoota' (The Bengal Herald) was established in Calcutta in May 1829 under the joint initiative of Dwarakanath Tagore, Raja Ram Mohan Roy, and Nilratan Haldar, with Robert Montgomery Martin as editor. It published content simultaneously in English, Bengali, Persian, and Hindi, making it a foundational milestone in multilingual Indian journalism.
14ID: GK-MDIA-00501
mediumHistory of the Indian Press in Freedom Struggle
Why did Raja Ram Mohan Roy cease the publication of his Persian-language weekly journal 'Mirat-ul-Akhbar' in April 1823?
Verified Explanation
Acting Governor-General John Adam passed the repressive Licensing Regulations in March 1823 requiring all printing presses to obtain prior government licenses. In protest against this infringement upon intellectual liberty, Raja Ram Mohan Roy formally shut down 'Mirat-ul-Akhbar' on April 4, 1823, penning a celebrated Persian farewell editorial quoting the poet Saadi.
15ID: GK-MUS-00586
hardHindustani Gharanas Ragas
Which reformist music maestro founded the Gandharva Mahavidyalaya in Lahore in 1901 and popularized the iconic bhajan melody 'Raghupati Raghava Raja Ram'?
Verified Explanation
Pandit Vishnu Digambar Paluskar (1872โ1931) democratized classical music education across communities and sang Raghupati Raghava Raja Ram during Mahatma Gandhi's Dandi March.
16ID: GK-HIST-00597
easyFreedom Struggle & National Movement
Which renowned socio-religious reformer founded the Brahmo Samaj in Calcutta in 1828 and led the crusade against Sati?
Verified Explanation
Raja Ram Mohan Roy, known as the Father of Modern Indian Renaissance, founded the Brahmo Sabha (later Brahmo Samaj) in 1828 to promote monotheism and eradicate social evils like Sati.
17ID: GK-PUBS-00473
mediumHicky's Bengal Gazette, The Hindu & Historic Presses
Which Persian-language weekly newspaper was launched in Calcutta in 1822 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, and ceased publication in 1823 in protest against John Adam's Licensing Regulations?
Verified Explanation
'Mirat-ul-Akbar' (Mirror of Intelligence) was launched in April 1822 by Ram Mohan Roy; he shut it down in April 1823 to protest the repressive Licensing Regulations issued by Acting Governor-General John Adam.
18ID: GK-HIST-00029
mediumFreedom Struggle & National Movement
Who founded the socio-religious reform organization 'Brahmo Samaj' in Calcutta in 1828?
Verified Explanation
Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded Brahmo Samaj and spearheaded the abolition of Sati in 1829.
19ID: GK-HIST-00075
easyBritish Colonial
Under whose Governor-Generalship was the social practice of Sati formally banned in British India in 1829?
Verified Explanation
Lord William Bentinck enacted the Bengal Sati Regulation of 1829 with active reform advocacy from Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
20ID: GK-HIST-00169
easyBritish Colonial Rule
Who was the first Governor-General of British India under the Charter Act of 1833, known for abolishing the practice of Sati in 1829?
Verified Explanation
Lord William Bentinck banned Sati in 1829 with the active reform efforts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy and became the first Governor-General of India in 1833.
21ID: GK-HIST-00708
hardMughal Empire & Regional Kingdoms
In the decisive naval Battle of Saraighat on the Brahmaputra River in 1671, the Ahom forces routed the Mughal imperial navy under the commander-in-chief:
Verified Explanation
Lachit Borphukan was the Ahom Borphukan (governor and military commander) who masterminded naval guerrilla tactics and riverine fortifications at Saraighat near Guwahati, defeating the superior Mughal army led by Raja Ram Singh of Amber.
Which colonial regulations enacted in 1823 by acting Governor-General John Adam required all Indian printing presses to obtain a government licence, leading Ram Mohan Roy to shut down Mirat-ul-Akhbar in protest?
Verified Explanation
The Licensing Regulations of 1823 (John Adam's Regulations) made starting or using a printing press without a government licence an offense, prompting Raja Ram Mohan Roy to stop publishing 'Mirat-ul-Akhbar'.
23ID: GK-PERS-00471
easyIndian Leaders Reformers
Which 19th-century social reformer is widely acclaimed as the "Father of Modern Indian Renaissance" for founding the Brahmo Samaj and fighting against the practice of Sati?
Verified Explanation
Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Sabha (later Brahmo Samaj) in 1828 and was instrumental in the passage of the 1829 Bengal Sati Regulation.
24ID: GK-PERS-00541
easyIndian Leaders Reformers
Who founded the Brahmo Samaj in Calcutta in 1828 and led the crusade resulting in the abolition of Sati in 1829, earning him the title 'Father of Modern Indian Renaissance'?
Verified Explanation
Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Sabha (later Brahmo Samaj) and persuaded Governor-General Lord William Bentinck to pass the Bengal Sati Regulation of 1829 banning the practice of Sati.
25ID: GK-MDIA-00007
mediumHistory of the Indian Press in Freedom Struggle
Which iconic Indian social reformer published the Persian-language weekly newspaper 'Mirat-ul-Akbar' and the Bengali weekly 'Sambad Kaumudi' in the early 1820s?
Verified Explanation
Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded 'Sambad Kaumudi' in 1821 in Bengali and 'Mirat-ul-Akbar' in 1822 in Persian to promote social enlightenment, rationality, and anti-sati reforms.
Search across all 34 Socio-Religious Reform Movements: Brahmo Samaj to Ramakrishna Mission questions or browse 44,700+ verified questions across 65 domains.