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Wildlife Protection Acts & Endangered Species GK Questions & Answers
The Wildlife (Protection) Act (WPA), 1972 was enacted by Parliament under Article 252, providing statutory framework for wildlife conservation, establishment of Protected Areas (National Parks, Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves, Community Reserves), and regulation of trade in wildlife derivatives in accordance with constitutional mandates under Article 48A and Article 51A(g). The Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022 restructured the historical six schedules into four streamlined categories: Schedule I grants absolute protection and highest penalties for endangered fauna (such as the Tiger, Snow Leopard, Asian Elephant, and Gangetic Dolphin); Schedule II covers animal species requiring lesser protection; Schedule III lists protected plant species; and Schedule IV enacts statutory implementation of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendices, while eliminating former Schedule V vermin declarations. Apex governance is exercised by the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL), chaired by the Prime Minister of India, alongside State Boards for Wildlife. Targeted conservation programs include Project Tiger (launched in 1973 at Corbett National Park) governed by the statutory National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA, Section 38L) and Project Elephant (1992). Critically Endangered species monitored under the IUCN Red List include the Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps), Hangul (Kashmir Stag), and Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus).
High-yield conceptual summaries for competitive exams and rapid revision.
The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 was enacted under Article 252; the 2022 Amendment reduced the schedules from 6 to 4 (Schedule I: highest animal protection; Schedule II: animal species; Schedule III: plant species; Schedule IV: CITES specimens).
The National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) is a statutory apex body under Section 5A of WPA 1972, chaired by the Prime Minister with the Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change as Vice-Chairperson.
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) was granted statutory status via the 2006 amendment to WPA 1972 under Section 38L to oversee Project Tiger (commenced 1973).
The Ganges River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica) was declared India's National Aquatic Animal in 2009 and is listed under Schedule I of WPA 1972 and as Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
The Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps), Hangul / Kashmir Stag (Cervus hanglu hanglu), and Pygmy Hog (Porcula salvania) are classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List and receive Schedule I protection.
Showing 25 Curated Questions44 Total in Bank
1ID: GK-ENV-00578
hardNational Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries
What is the name of the wildlife corridor conservation mechanism in India that designates protected contiguous habitats between tiger reserves under Section 38V of the Wildlife Protection Act?
Verified Explanation
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) and Wildlife Institute of India (WII) have mapped and notified 32 major tiger corridors in India under the Wildlife (Protection) Act to maintain genetic connectivity between tiger populations.
2ID: GK-WILD-00018
hardFamous National Parks of India
Under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 (as amended), which designated authority is empowered to declare an area as a National Park?
Verified Explanation
Under Section 35 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, the State Government is empowered to declare an area a National Park by notification if it considers it to have adequate ecological, faunal, or floral significance.
3ID: GK-WILD-00223
mediumProject Tiger & Elephant Reserves
Under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, how many protection schedules were originally specified to categorize species based on their conservation status and penalties for hunting?
Verified Explanation
The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 originally contained six schedules: Schedules I and II (absolute protection), Schedules III and IV (protected with lower penalties), Schedule V (vermin), and Schedule VI (specified plants).
4ID: GK-WILD-00263
easyProject Tiger & Elephant Reserves
Which statutory body was established in December 2005 under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 to oversee tiger conservation and manage tiger reserves in India?
Verified Explanation
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, constituted under Section 38 L (1) of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
5ID: GK-WILD-00446
easyProject Tiger & Elephant Reserves
Which apex statutory body was constituted in 2006 under the amended Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to oversee tiger conservation and reserve management in India?
Verified Explanation
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) was established as a statutory body in September 2006 under Section 38L of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
6ID: GK-WILD-00084
mediumFamous National Parks of India
Under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, which apex statutory body is chaired by the Prime Minister of India to formulate policy on wildlife conservation?
Verified Explanation
The National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) is a statutory board constituted under Section 5A of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, chaired by the Prime Minister.
7ID: GK-ENV-00485
easyEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
In which year did the Government of India enact the comprehensive Wildlife (Protection) Act to protect wild animals, birds, and plant species?
Verified Explanation
The Wildlife (Protection) Act was enacted by the Indian Parliament in 1972, providing the legal framework for establishing National Parks, Sanctuaries, and Schedules listing protected flora and fauna.
8ID: GK-WILD-00120
hardFamous National Parks of India
Under Section 6 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, who is designated as the Member-Secretary of the State Board for Wildlife (SBWL)?
Verified Explanation
Under Section 6 of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, the Chief Minister is the Chairperson and the Chief Wildlife Warden acts as the Member-Secretary of the State Board for Wildlife.
9ID: GK-INDM-00653
mediumNational Symbols & Emblems of India
The Ministry of Environment and Forests officially gazetted the Ganges River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica) as the National Aquatic Animal of India under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 on which date?
Verified Explanation
The Ganges River Dolphin was designated as the National Aquatic Animal during the first meeting of the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) on 5 October 2009, and formally gazetted by the Ministry of Environment and Forests on 18 May 2010. It is protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
10ID: GK-WILD-00386
easyProject Tiger & Elephant Reserves
Project Elephant was launched by the Government of India in February 1992 to protect Asian elephants in which status category under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972?
Verified Explanation
Project Elephant was launched in 1992 to provide financial and technical support for managing wild populations of Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus), which are protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
11ID: GK-ENV-00010
easyEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
The legal act enacted in India in 1972 to provide protection to wild animals, birds, and plant species is what?
Verified Explanation
The Wildlife Protection Act established schedules of protected wildlife and founded national parks and sanctuaries.
12ID: GK-WILD-00104
hardFamous National Parks of India
Under the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022, which came into force on 1 April 2023, the total number of schedules was streamlined from six to how many?
Verified Explanation
The 2022 Amendment rationalized schedules into four: Schedule I (highest protection), Schedule II (lesser protection), Schedule III (protected plant species), and Schedule IV (CITES listed specimens).
13ID: GK-WILD-00164
hardFamous National Parks of India
Under the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022 (which came into force on 1 April 2023), which Schedule specifically lists protected plant species prohibited from being picked or uprooted?
Verified Explanation
The 2022 Amendment consolidated schedules into four: Schedule I (highest protection animal species), Schedule II (lesser protection animal species), Schedule III (protected plants), and Schedule IV (CITES species).
14ID: GK-ENV-00258
easyEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
In India, in which year was the landmark Wildlife (Protection) Act enacted to protect wild animal and plant species?
Verified Explanation
The Wildlife (Protection) Act was enacted by the Parliament of India in 1972 to provide legal protection to wild animals, birds, and plants.
15ID: GK-ENV-00365
easyEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
In which year did the Indian Parliament enact the comprehensive Wildlife (Protection) Act to protect plants and animal species?
Verified Explanation
The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 provides the statutory legal framework for protecting wild animals, birds, and plants, establishing protected areas and hunting prohibitions in India.
16ID: GK-ENV-00422
easyEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
In which year did the Government of India enact the landmark Wildlife (Protection) Act to establish legal protection for wild animals, birds, and plants?
Verified Explanation
The Wildlife (Protection) Act was enacted by the Indian Parliament in 1972, establishing protected areas, wildlife advisory boards, and schedules of protected species.
17ID: GK-ENV-00536
easyEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
In what year was the Wildlife (Protection) Act enacted by the Parliament of India to protect plants and animal species?
Verified Explanation
The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 is a landmark legislation in India providing the legal framework for the protection of wild animals, birds, and plants and the declaration of Protected Areas.
18ID: GK-WILD-00225
hardProject Tiger & Elephant Reserves
The Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022 rationalized the schedules of the parent Act into how many consolidated schedules?
Verified Explanation
The 2022 Amendment Act (enforced 1 April 2023) restructured the six original schedules into four: Schedule I (highest protection), Schedule II (lesser protection), Schedule III (plants), and Schedule IV (CITES specimen species).
19ID: GK-ENV-00477
easyNational Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries
Which National Park in Gujarat is the only natural wild habitat of the Asiatic Lion (Panthera leo persica)?
Verified Explanation
Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary in Gujarat is the exclusive global refuge of the Asiatic Lion in the wild, protected under India's Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
20ID: GK-WILD-00168
hardProject Tiger & Elephant Reserves
The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB), a statutory multi-disciplinary body to combat organized wildlife crime, was established under which Section of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972?
Verified Explanation
WCCB was created in 2007 by amending the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, inserting Section 38Y into the statute.
21ID: GK-GEOG-00935
hardForests, Biosphere Reserves & Wildlife Protected Areas
In which year was the landmark Wildlife (Protection) Act enacted by the Indian Parliament to provide a comprehensive legal framework for the protection of wild animal species, establishment of sanctuaries, and prohibition of hunting?
Verified Explanation
The Wildlife (Protection) Act was enacted in 1972 (WPA 1972) to establish a statutory framework for wildlife conservation, creating Schedules of protection for flora and fauna, establishing National Parks and Sanctuaries, and regulating trade in wild animal trophies and derivatives. The Forest (Conservation) Act followed in 1980, and the Environment (Protection) Act in 1986.
22ID: GK-WILD-00205
mediumProject Tiger & Elephant Reserves
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) was established as a statutory body under which environmental legislation?
Verified Explanation
The NTCA was constituted under Section 38-L of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 following the recommendations of the Tiger Task Force appointed by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in 2005.
23ID: GK-WILD-00566
easyProject Tiger & Elephant Reserves
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) was constituted as a statutory body under which parliamentary legislation following the 2006 amendment?
Verified Explanation
The NTCA was established in December 2005 and accorded statutory status under Chapter IVB of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (as amended in 2006) on the recommendations of the Tiger Task Force.
24ID: GK-ENV-00453
hardEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
Under the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022, how were the previous six wildlife protection schedules restructured?
Verified Explanation
The 2022 Amendment rationalized schedules from six to four: Schedule I (highest protection animals), Schedule II (lesser protection animals), Schedule III (protected plants), and Schedule IV (CITES listed species).
25ID: GK-INST-00215
mediumNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, who serves as the ex-officio Chairperson of the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA)?
Verified Explanation
Section 38L(2) of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 provides that the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is chaired by the Minister in charge of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.