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Governance & Society Cluster20 Verified Questions
National Green Tribunal (NGT Act 2010) & Environmental Adjudication GK Questions & Answers
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established on October 18, 2010, pursuant to the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, enacted under Article 253 of the Constitution of India in alignment with the Stockholm Declaration (1972) and the Rio Declaration (1992). The Act operationalizes the fundamental Right to a Healthy Environment under Article 21, positioning India as the third country worldwide (after Australia and New Zealand) to institute a specialized environmental tribunal. Under Section 14, the NGT exercises civil jurisdiction over substantial questions relating to the environment arising from the implementation of seven scheduled enactments: the Water Act (1974), Water Cess Act (1977), Forest (Conservation) Act (1980), Air Act (1981), Environment (Protection) Act (1986), Public Liability Insurance Act (1991), and Biological Diversity Act (2002). Notably, the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and Indian Forest Act, 1927 fall outside its purview. Under Section 20, the Tribunal applies sustainable development, the Precautionary Principle, and the Polluter Pays Principle. In Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai v. Ankita Sinha (2021), the Supreme Court affirmed that the NGT possesses suo motu powers. The Tribunal's Principal Bench sits in New Delhi, supported by zonal benches in Bhopal, Pune, Kolkata, and Chennai.
High-yield conceptual summaries for competitive exams and rapid revision.
The National Green Tribunal was established in 2010 under the NGT Act, 2010, giving effect to the right to a clean environment under Article 21.
India is the third country globally and the first developing nation to establish a specialized environmental tribunal.
The NGT has jurisdiction over 7 civil environmental laws, but does not cover the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 or the Indian Forest Act, 1927.
Section 20 of the NGT Act mandates adherence to the principles of Sustainable Development, the Precautionary Principle, and the Polluter Pays Principle.
In Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai v. Ankita Sinha (2021), the Supreme Court affirmed that the NGT can initiate suo motu proceedings to protect the environment.
Showing 20 Curated Questions20 Total in Bank
1ID: GK-INST-00166
hardNITI Aayog, Planning History & Inter-State Council
Which of the following environmental statutes is EXCLUDED from the Schedule I civil dispute jurisdiction of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) under the NGT Act, 2010?
Verified Explanation
Schedule I of the NGT Act 2010 lists seven environmental statutes, but deliberately excludes the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and the Indian Forest Act, 1927 from NGT jurisdiction.
2ID: GK-INST-00299
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under Section 4(1) of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, what is the statutory strength of full-time Judicial and Expert Members in the National Green Tribunal (NGT)?
Verified Explanation
Section 4(1) of the NGT Act, 2010 provides that the Tribunal shall consist of a full-time Chairperson, and not less than 10 but subject to a maximum of 20 full-time Judicial Members and 10 to 20 full-time Expert Members.
3ID: GK-INST-00408
easyNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under which statutory enactment was the National Green Tribunal (NGT) established on 18 October 2010 for effective and expeditious disposal of environmental cases?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established on 18 October 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, making India only the third country in the world (after Australia and New Zealand) to have a dedicated environmental tribunal.
4ID: GK-INST-00482
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under Section 4 of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, what is the statutory requirement regarding the composition of Judicial and Expert Members in the NGT?
Verified Explanation
Section 4(1) of the NGT Act 2010 stipulates that the Tribunal shall consist of a full-time Chairperson, not less than 10 but subject to a maximum of 20 full-time Judicial Members, and not less than 10 but subject to a maximum of 20 full-time Expert Members.
5ID: GK-INST-00587
easyNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under which statutory enactment was the National Green Tribunal (NGT) established in 2010 for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established on October 18, 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 to handle environmental disputes, making India the third country in the world (after Australia and New Zealand) to establish a specialized environmental tribunal.
6ID: GK-ENV-00556
mediumEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
In what year was the National Green Tribunal (NGT) established in India for effective and expeditious disposal of environmental protection and forest conservation cases?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal was established on October 18, 2010, under the National Green Tribunal Act 2010, making India the third country in the world (after Australia and New Zealand) to establish a specialized environmental tribunal.
7ID: GK-INST-00022
easyNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Where is the Principal Bench (Headquarters) of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) established?
Verified Explanation
The Principal Bench of the National Green Tribunal is located in New Delhi, with four zonal benches situated in Bhopal, Pune, Kolkata, and Chennai.
8ID: GK-INST-00061
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under Section 14 of the National Green Tribunal Act 2010, within what maximum statutory timeframe is the NGT mandated to endeavor to dispose of environmental applications and appeals?
Verified Explanation
Section 18(3) of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 mandates that the Tribunal shall endeavor to dispose of every application or appeal finally within six months from the date of its filing.
9ID: GK-INST-00346
easyNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Who was appointed as the very first Chairperson of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) upon its constitution in October 2010?
Verified Explanation
Justice Lokeshwar Singh Panta, a retired Supreme Court Judge, assumed office as the founding Chairperson of the National Green Tribunal on 18 October 2010.
10ID: GK-POL-00950
hardConstitutional & Statutory Bodies of India
The National Green Tribunal (NGT), established under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, derives its constitutional mandate from which Fundamental Right?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal was established under the NGT Act, 2010 pursuant to India's constitutional obligations under Article 21, which includes the right to a clean and healthy environment as interpreted in cases like Subhash Kumar v. State of Bihar (1991).
11ID: GK-ENV-00028
mediumEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established in India under the NGT Act 2010 for what primary purpose?
Verified Explanation
India became the third country globally to set up a dedicated environmental tribunal; Principal Bench is in New Delhi.
12ID: GK-ENV-00520
hardEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
Which specialized environmental judicial tribunal was established in India under an Act of Parliament in 2010 to expedite the disposal of environmental dispute cases?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established on October 18, 2010, under the National Green Tribunal Act 2010, providing specialized judicial handling of cases relating to environmental protection and forest conservation.
13ID: GK-INST-00217
mediumNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Which statutory autonomous body established under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 has specialized regional benches in Bhopal, Pune, Kolkata, and Chennai, in addition to its Principal Bench?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has its Principal Bench in New Delhi and four zonal benches established across India in Bhopal (Central), Pune (Western), Kolkata (Eastern), and Chennai (Southern).
14ID: GK-INST-00421
hardNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under Section 18(1) of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, what time frame is statutorily mandated for the Tribunal to dispose of environmental applications and appeals?
Verified Explanation
Section 18(1) of the NGT Act, 2010 provides that the Tribunal shall deal with applications or appeals as expeditiously as possible and endeavor to dispose of the matter finally within six months from the date of filing.
15ID: GK-INST-00475
mediumNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Which specialized environmental tribunal was established in 2010 under an Act of Parliament for the effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established on October 18, 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act 2010, making India the third country in the world (after Australia and New Zealand) to have a specialized environmental tribunal.
16ID: GK-INST-00533
mediumNHRC, NCW, NCSC, NCST & CIC
Under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, within what timeframe is the Tribunal mandated to endeavor to dispose of applications and appeals finally?
Verified Explanation
Section 18(3) of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 specifies that the Tribunal shall deal with applications and appeals as expeditiously as possible and make an endeavor to dispose of them finally within 6 months from the date of filing.
17ID: GK-ENV-00290
mediumEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
What statutory autonomous tribunal was established in India under an Act of 2010 for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established under the National Green Tribunal Act 2010 for speedy environmental justice, mandated to dispose of cases within 6 months.
18ID: GK-ENV-00330
mediumEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
What specialized statutory judicial body was established in India in 2010 for the expeditious disposal of civil cases relating to environmental conservation and natural resources?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established under the NGT Act 2010 with its principal bench in New Delhi, making India one of only three countries globally with a dedicated environmental judicial court.
19ID: GK-ENV-00385
mediumEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
Which specialized judicial tribunal was established by an Act of Indian Parliament in 2010 for effective and expeditious disposal of environmental protection cases?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established on October 18, 2010 under the NGT Act 2010, making India the third country in the world (after Australia and New Zealand) to set up a specialized environmental court.
20ID: GK-ENV-00436
mediumEnvironmental Treaties & Laws
What statutory judicial body was established under a dedicated Act of Parliament in 2010 for the expeditious disposal of civil environmental disputes in India?
Verified Explanation
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established in 2010 under the NGT Act to handle multidisciplinary civil cases involving environmental protection and forest conservation.
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